The benchmark Nikkei share average rose 0.37% to 20,593.35 after four straight days of losses, while the broader Topix retreated 0.08% to 1,498.66.
Turnover on the Tokyo Stock Exchange's main board was subdued at 2.09 trillion yen ($19.7 billion) versus the daily average of 2.34 trillion yen over the past year.
The market was relieved as the Chinese yuan was largely stabilising after heavy falls early this week and as there was no fresh escalation in Sino-U.S. tensions over the last 24 hours.
Also, data showed Chinese exports rose 3.3% in July from a year earlier, when analysts had expected a fall of 2%. Imports also declined by less than expected, suggesting some resilience to the drawn-out Sino-U.S. tariff struggle.
"The market calmed down a bit as there was no particular bad news," said Soichiro Monji, senior economist at Sumitomo Mitsui DS Asset Management.
Growth-value shares extended their outperformance since mid-July, with the Topix Growth index rising 0.1% while value shares dipped 0.3%.
Growth-value plays such as chip sector stocks Advantest and Tokyo Electron climbed 3.1% and 1.1%, respectively, while typical value plays such as banks shed 0.6%.
Yet worries that the confrontation between the world's two largest economies could tip the global economy into a severe downturn or even a recession kept many investors on the sidelines, with energy and resource-related shares lagging.
The oil and coals products sector dipped 4.5% to become the worst performer of Tokyo's 33 sub-indexes, while the mining sector was the second worst, down 2.3%.
"I see this as a temporary relief rally, which will likely be short-lived," said Masanari Takada, cross-assets strategist at Nomura Securities.
"Foreign investors' appetite for Japanese equities is not strong as they are moving away from value stocks."
Trading mostly focused on companies that just published earnings.
Index heavyweight SoftBank Group fell 2.7%. The firm raked in a record quarterly net profit for a Japanese firm, but the total was boosted by gains from sales of a part of its stake in Alibaba.
SoftBank's results have been increasingly volatile as Chief Executive Masayoshi Son shifts focus from the predictable income of telecoms in favour of bets on startups with shifting valuations.
Justsystems hit limit-high, soaring 19.6% after the software developer reported strong profit growth in April-June.
Shares of some other technology firms reporting bumper earnings also jumped, with Lasertec surging 14.0% and Optorun 14.6%.
Sumitomo Osaka Cement advanced 8.6% after its earnings beat market expectations.
But not all the earnings reports were rosy.
Heavy equipment maker IHI tumbled 13.6% after posting weak quarterly results. Resource conglomerate JXTG , hurt by weak oil prices, fell 6.0%.
JXTG Holdings shed 5.5% to hit its lowest since November 2016, following the oil and metals company's quarterly profit plummeting 88% on lower petrochemical margins in April-June.
JGC Corp slid 6.5% after the engineering company reported a 21% drop in its April-June net profit during the Tokyo exchange's midday break.
Looking ahead, about 630 companies, including Japan Post Holdings, SMC Corp and Bridgestone, will announce earnings results on Friday.