Nato Secretary General Jaap de Hoop Scheffer urged Russia to set aside concerns about the US-led alliance's expansion and concentrate on fighting global threats in an interview published Wednesday.
Scheffer, who flew into Moscow ahead of talks Thursday with Russian President Vladimir Putin and top ministers, regretted that Cold War stereotypes still persisted within Russia's military.
"A significant part of the Russian military still sticks to the idea that Nato is a military bloc with an aggressive military doctrine," Scheffer said in an interview with the Izvestia daily.
Nato's most recent acceptance of seven former Soviet satellite countries as its new members sparked irritation in Moscow, in particular the inclusion of the three Baltic republics, which used to be part of the Soviet Union.
The Nato chief dismissed Russian protests about the deployment of four F-16s to patrol the Baltic trio's airspace, describing it as a "routine move which represents no threat to Russia".
The former Cold War adversaries, instead of squabbling, needed to co-operate in protecting their airspace in the light of the threat of global terrorism, he said.
"After September 11, 2001 (terror attacks in the United States) we all know that a threat from the skies can come from the most unexpected direction," said Scheffer.
In 2002, Nato members and Russia set up a new council through which Moscow and the 19 transatlantic allies - now 26 - can tackle key security issues as equals - notably terrorism, weapons of mass destruction and military co-operation.