Pope Benedict XVI expressed concern on Sunday at rising international tensions and what he called a return to nationalism, in a veiled reference to the Russia-Georgia conflict.
"The international situation has seen a rise in tensions in recent weeks which is of serious concern," the pontiff told hundreds of pilgrims gathered for his weekly Angelus prayers at his summer residence outside Rome.
"We must note with bitterness the risk of progressive deterioration in confidence and collaboration between nations," he added. The pontiff also criticised "the return to nationalism which divides, and which has had so many tragic consequences in the past."
Benedict made no direct reference to Russia's conflict with Georgia over the breakaway South Ossetia, or the subsequent diplomatic rift between the United States and Moscow. The context of his remarks were clear however.
"The moral force of law, equitable and transparent talks to put an end to controversies, starting with those linked to territorial integrity and the self-determination of peoples....that is the path to follow to build sincere and fruitful relations and ensure peace for future generations," Benedict said.
"We must not give in to pessimism," the pope added. "But it is necessary to commit oneself actively, to do away with the temptation to confront new situations using old systems. Violence must be rejected."