The anti-cholesterol drug fenofibrate appears to reduce risks of amputation for diabetics by as much as 36 percent, a study has found. The study was published in a special edition on diabetes by The Lancet, which included another study on how rigorous monitoring and control of blood sugar reduces heart attacks.
In the first study, researchers in Australia ran a 5-year trial involving 9,795 diabetic patients. 4,895 of them were given fenofibrate, produced by Belgian drugs maker Solvay, while the rest were given a placebo.
By the end of the trial, 115 patients had had lower-limb amputations. The risk of first time amputation was 36 percent lower for patients given fenofibrate compared with a placebo.
"Treatment with fenofibrate was associated with a lower risk of amputations, particularly minor amputations (below the ankle)," wrote the team, led by Anthony Keech and Kushwin Rajamani at the National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Center, University of Sydney, Australia.
"These findings could lead to a change in standard treatment for the prevention of diabetes-related lower-limb amputations."
An amputation due to diabetes occurs every 30 seconds around the world and imposes a huge burden not only on the victims and their families, but healthcare systems too.
High blood sugar can damage nerves and blood vessels in the lower extremities that can lead to gangrene. Severe damage might require toe, foot or even leg amputation. In the second study, researchers trawled through 5 previous studies to show that intensive glucose control in diabetics leads to fewer heart attacks, but has no significant effect on stroke or death from all other causes.
To date, individual studies of glucose control have failed to show consistent benefits and some even suggested possible harm.
The five studies, analysed by a team headed by Kausik Ray of Britain's University of Cambridge, involved 33,000 patients and provided information on 1,497 heart attacks, 2,318 counts of coronary heart disease, 1,127 strokes, and 2,892 deaths. Patients given more drugs to control their blood sugar had a 15 percent reduction in heart attacks. But such intense treatment had no effect on stroke rates or other causes of death.
A third study on women with gestational diabetes during pregnancy found that they have a far higher risk of developing permanennt diabetes after giving birt Gestational diabetes (GD) is glucose intolerance first detected during pregnancy. After birth, the woman's blood sugar control is restored to pre-pregnancy levels, but some remain at high risk of diabetes in future. In this study, researchers at the University College London and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine analysed 20 studies involving a total of 675,000 women, of whom 10,859 developed diabetes.