The euro slid against the dollar and yen on Thursday after a fall in manufacturing in the eurozone's two largest economies and in China rekindled worries about global growth. Manufacturing in the eurozone unexpectedly fell in March, hit by a sharp fall in French and German factory activity, according to purchasing managers' surveys.
In addition, PMI data from China showed factory activity there shrank in March for a fifth straight month, underscoring worries about risks to global growth and driving down risk-friendly currencies such as the Australian, Canadian, and New Zealand dollars. The reports contrasted with US data showing new applications for unemployment benefits dropped to a four-year low in the latest week.
"Today we have returned to the risk-off/risk-on trading dynamic as a result of poor data out of Europe and China," said Greg Moore, currency strategist at TD Securities. In late afternoon trading, the euro fell 0.2 percent against the dollar to $1.31880, but bounced from its overnight low. The euro failed to break through resistance at $1.33, suggesting a near-term top may be in place.
Ray Attrill, chief currency strategist for the Americas at BNP Paribas, noted that the euro at current levels is over-valued against the dollar, based on the bank's models, which include yield spreads, relative yield curve slopes and risk sentiment, among others. Analysts said the poor PMI surveys highlighted the risk of a recession in the eurozone, and peripheral debt also showed fresh signs of trouble.
The Chinese PMI data weighed on growth-linked currencies, especially the Australian dollar, given the country's close trading links with China. The Aussie slid versus the US dollar to a two-month low of US $1.0333, below the 200-day simple moving average of US $1.0399 and the 200-day exponential moving average at US $1.0375.
Barclays Capital recently lowered its AUD/USD forecast and expects the currency pair to trade in a US $1.04-US $1.07 range over the next 12 months. That is consistent with the bank's technical strategists' expectations of it remaining in a US $1.01-US $1.10 range over the next six to eight months. "We expect high oil prices and signs of weaker Chinese economic activity to keep AUD/USD near current levels over the next month," the bank said.
Commodity prices, China's growth and yield advantage, as well as cyclical and structural demand, are underlying reasons why AUD/USD will not fall much below US $1.04 this year. They are also the reasons why significant appreciation above US $1.07 is not expected.
The New Zealand dollar was last down 0.8 percent against the US dollar at US $0.8084, breaching the 100-day exponential moving average, currently at US $0.8096, for the third time in seven sessions on an intra-day basis. New Zealand dollar/US dollar rose above that measure on a sustained basis on January 9.
The yen was helped after data from Japan showed the country unexpectedly logged a trade surplus of 32.9 billion yen in February, against a forecast of a deficit of 120 billion yen. The dollar was last down 1.0 percent against the Japanese currency at 82.540 yen.
Earlier, the dollar hit a one-week low of 82.329, well off an 11-month high of 84.187. Goldman Sachs on Wednesday put out a recommendation to short the dollar against the yen.
The US investment bank said there is a significant risk that the current uptrend in dollar/yen could reverse in the new fiscal year that starts on April 1. The yen has fallen more than 7 percent versus the dollar in 2012, on the Bank of Japan's easing steps and after the country last year posted its first annual trade deficit in 31 years due to a surge in fuel imports after the Fukushima nuclear accident.