China’s crude oil imports rose nearly 12% in May from a low base in a year earlier, although refiners were still battling high inventories with COVID-19 lockdowns and a slowing economy weighing on fuel demand last month.

The world’s top crude oil buyer imported 45.83 million tonnes last month, data from the General Administration of Customs showed on Thursday, equivalent to 10.79 million barrels per day (bpd).

That compares to 10.5 million bpd in April and to a 2021 average of 10.3 million bpd. January-May imports were down 1.7% versus the same period last year at 217 million tonnes, or about 10.49 million bpd.

The data also showed refined oil product exports were at 3.27 million tonnes for May, down 40% from the previous year’s 5.41 million tonnes. Year-to-date exports were down 38.5%.

Despite record export margins spurred by global demand recovery and disrupted Russian supplies, China has curbed its fuel exports - especially of diesel and gasoline - maintaining a broad policy implemented in late 2021 to limit excessive domestic refining.

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China issued 4.5 million tonnes of quotas for refined fuel exports this week, sources told Reuters, a top-up to the first issue of quotas for 2022, to ease high domestic inventories as local demand was dented by COVID-19 lockdowns.

Natural gas imports - via both pipelines and as liquefied natural gas (LNG)- last month were 9.07 million tones, down from May last year.

Imports for the first five months were down 9.3% to 44.91 million tonnes.

The fall was mostly driven by China’s declining LNG imports, forecast to fall by as much as 19% this year due to waning domestic consumption for the super-chilled fuel.