Iran's sponsorship of terrorism overseas underwent "a marked resurgence" in 2012, reaching levels not seen in 20 years, the US State Department charged on Thursday in its annual report on trends in political violence. The report cited a series of actual and planned attacks in Europe and Asia linked to Hezbollah, Iran's Lebanon-based ally, including a July 2012 bombing in Bulgaria that killed five Israeli citizens and a Bulgarian, and wounded 32 others.
There was no immediate reply to a request for comment from Iran's mission to the United Nations. Last July, Iran's UN ambassador denied his country's involvement in the Bulgaria bombing, which he accused Israel of carrying out. "We have never, and will not, engage in such a despicable attempt on innocent people," Ambassador Mohammed Khazaee said.
The report's release comes as US and European officials and intelligence agencies say Iran and Hezbollah have stepped up their military backing for the besieged government of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.
Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah on Saturday publicly committed the group to an Assad victory over Syrian rebels who, like the Damascus government, have been accused of abuses in the two-year-old civil war.
The report covers events in 2012 and does not include such incidents as the Boston Marathon bombings in the United States or last week's brutal killing of a British soldier on a London street.
President Barack Obama last week announced he was shifting the United States away from a "boundless global war on terror" begun by his predecessor as a response to the September 11, 2001, attacks. While continuing to target militants, he said he would restrict deadly drone strikes abroad and seek once again to close the Guantanamo Bay prison in Cuba.
Overall, the State Department's "Country Reports on Terrorism 2012" paints a mixed picture of efforts to counter violent extremism.
It said that al Qaeda's Pakistan-based core group "continued to weaken" and that losses in leadership have driven the group's affiliates to become more independent, "setting their own goals and specifying their own targets." Al qaeda's two most dangerous franchises, Yemen-based al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and al Shabaab in Somalia, "have suffered significant setbacks," it said.
While terrorist attacks occurred in 85 countries last year, 55 percent of the attacks and 62 percent of the fatalities took place in just three countries: Pakistan, Iraq and Afghanistan, the State Department said.