At the height of the 1999 Kargil war against India, Pakistan was preparing its nuclear weapons for deployment and possible use, the CIA had warned the then President Bill Clinton, a former top White House official said on Wednesday. The CIA's assessment formed part of the daily top secret classified briefing for Clinton on July 4, 1999 when the president was scheduled to meet the visiting Pakistan Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif.
"The morning of the Fourth (of July, 1999), the CIA wrote in its top-secret Daily Brief that Pakistan was preparing its nuclear weapons for deployment and possible use. The intelligence was very compelling. The mood in the Oval Office was grim," Bruce Riedel, who worked at the time in the National Security Council of the White House and was among the few present at the Clinton-Sharif meeting said.
Riedel, a former CIA analyst and now working at the Brookings Institution, made the revelations in an obituary he wrote for Sandy Berger, former national security advisor to Clinton, who died of cancer on Tuesday. "Berger urged Clinton to hear out Sharif, but to be firm. Pakistan started this crisis and it must end it without any compensation. The president needed to make clear to the prime minister that only a Pakistani withdrawal could avert further escalation," he wrote.
"Sandy knew Clinton better than anyone, his natural inclination was to find a deal. This time, no deal was possible, it must be an unequivocal Pakistani climb down," Riedel said. "It worked. Sharif agreed to pull back his troops. It later cost him his job. But the risk of a nuclear exchange in South Asia was averted," Riedel wrote.