Freight rates for very large crude carriers (VLCCs) are likely to remain under pressure next week as charterers drip-feed cargo in the face of surplus tonnage, shipbrokers said. "The market is going sideways. Owners are trying to lift rates but it is very difficult because there are a lot of discounted vessels available," a European supertanker broker said on Friday.
These discounted ships include older vessels, tankers returning to service following dry docking and new deliveries from shipyards. Operators of these vessels accept cheaper rates so the ships can gain immediate employment. "The orderbook for supertankers is very scary - tanker demand growth will again be at a slower pace than most anticipate/wish for," said Peter Sand, chief shipping analyst at shipping industry lobby group Bimco.
The VLCC fleet will grow by 18.2 percent in the next three years from 208.5 million dead-weight tonnes (DWT) to 264.4 million DWT by 2019, figures from shipping services firm Clarkson showed. By comparison, global seaborne crude oil volumes have risen 4 percent this year from 2015, Clarkson data showed. The discounted vessels have dampened VLCC rates with the average now down to around $18,000 per day compared with the 2016 daily average of $41,000 and $64,846 per day in 2015, Clarkson data showed.
That compared with operating costs of about $10,300 per day, and breakeven of around $21,200, data from accountancy firms and tanker owners showed. "The tanker market can be profitable in 2019," Sand said. Tanker demand is also capped by ongoing refinery closures due to maintenance, brokers said. "A significant amount of refining capacity is out of the market which puts a lid on the demand for crude oil," said Georgi Slavov, global head of energy, ferrous metals and shipping research at Marex Spectron.
"More worryingly, (indications suggest) the amount of forward oil shipments will not rise in the short-term," Slavov said in a note on Thursday. VLCC rates from the Middle East to Japan slipped to around 32.50 on the Worldscale measure on Thursday from about W33.75 last week and the lowest since September 1. "The VLCC market from the Middle East kept limping along with rates hovering around recent levels," Norwegian shipbroker Fearnley said in a note on Wednesday.