France's premier wines sell for hundreds of dollars a bottle and are often bought for their prestige as much as their taste, industry experts say, so a US tariff will have less of an impact on demand.
But consumers of less expensive wines can readily switch to other nations' wares in the quest for better value quaff.
Trump raised the prospect of tariffs in retaliation for a planned digital services tax by France, and he criticised President Emmanuel Macron's for what he called "foolishness".
While Macron's own response has been restrained, other French ministers have hit back.
Agriculture Minister Didier Guillaume denounced Trump's decision as "completely moronic".
"American wine is not better than French wine," he said.
His cabinet colleague, junior tech minister Cedric O, tweeted: "Looks like president Trump doesn't know much about wine. Nor about the principles of international law."
Trump's threat is a headache for Macron ahead of a summit of G7 leaders in Biarritz next month and comes after France's parliament approved legislation designed at making tech companies such as Google, Amazon and Facebook pay more tax.
The so-called "GAFAs", as they are known in France, are often accused of unfairly competing with local businesses by booking profits in low-tax countries like Ireland, no matter where the revenue originates.
While wine is France's second-biggest export after aerospace, some experts say the fact that Americans mostly import prestige wines from Burgundy or Bordeaux which are less sensitive to higher price tags should cushion the blow.
"When you look into the details, you realise America is the first export market in value terms, but not in volume," Eric Morain, a lawyer who specialises in the wine sector, told Reuters.
"That means Americans drink French wines that are already expensive. I don't think someone who's able to buy a bottle for $100 or $150 will think twice before buying one at $180 or $200," he said.
Germany is France's top export market in terms of volume sold with 2.18 million hectolitres, ahead of the United States.
In value terms, the United States comes first, accounting for 18 percent of French wine exports and worth 1.7 billion euros ($1.90 billion), up almost a third over the past five years.