The 6.9 magnitude quake on Friday evening sent residents fleeing to higher ground, while many in the capital Jakarta ran into the streets.
Officials from Indonesia's national disaster agency warned the quake could generate a tsunami as high as three metres (10 feet), but it was lifted several hours later.
On Saturday, authorities said a panicked 48-year-old woman had died of a heart attack as the strong quake rocked the region.
Four more people were injured and over 1,000 evacuated to temporary shelters, said officials, including residents of neighbouring Sumatra island.
More than 100 buildings were damaged, with some 34 houses destroyed, the agency added.
"There was thundering noise -- it sounded like a plane overhead -- and I was just so scared that I ran," said 69-year-old Isah, who like many Indonesians goes by one name, at an evacuation shelter in Pandeglang at the southwest end of Java.