The security commission for the state of Morelos, of which Cuernavaca is the capital, said the gunmen staged a "targeted" attack, seeking out specific victims at the Estrella de Oro bus station, near the city center.
Local media reports said the gunmen killed three victims aboard a bus, one in the waiting area and one in a bathroom.
Morelos is the scene of a turf war between at least five different drug cartels, according to authorities.
The bus station shooting came after a violent weekend in which at least 15 people were murdered in various incidents in the state, according to media reports.