The worst US drought in 56 years intensified over the past week as above-normal temperatures and scant rainfall parched corn and soybean crops across the Midwest and central Plains, a report from climate experts said on Thursday. The drought became more severe in the southern United States as well, just a year removed from a record-breaking dry spell that ruined crops and wilted grazing pastures across Texas and Oklahoma enough to force an unprecedented northward migration of cattle.
Nearly two-thirds of the contiguous United States was under some level of drought as of July 31, more than a fifth of it classified as extreme drought or worse, according to the Drought Monitor, a weekly report compiled by US climate experts. The drought intensified in most major farm states, including Illinois, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri and Iowa, the top US corn and soybean producer, as temperatures were five to 10 degrees (Fahrenheit) above normal and rains were largely scattered and light. Crop condition ratings for corn and soybeans have fallen to the lowest since the major drought of 1988, propelling prices of both crops to all-time highs last month. Extreme drought covered about 32 percent of the nine-state Midwest and about 5 percent of the region was under exceptional drought, the most dire classification which results in widespread crop and pasture losses and shortages of water in reservoirs, streams and wells. About 31 percent of Iowa was under extreme drought as of Tuesday, up from 28 percent the prior week.
Exceptional drought covered much of south-west Indiana, portions of southern Illinois and south-east Missouri, far west Kentucky and a wide swath of northern and central Arkansas. "The region continues to be impacted not only by oppressive heat, but also by depleted soil moisture, desiccated pastures and widespread crop damages, livestock culling and elevated fire risk," said Mark Svoboda of the National Drought Mitigation Center.
About 48 percent of the six-state High Plains region was suffering under extreme drought, including 88 percent of Kansas, up from 73 percent a week ago, and 83 percent of Nebraska, up from 64 percent, the drought monitor showed. The six-state US South region, which includes major cattle and wheat producers Texas and Oklahoma and top rice producer Arkansas, was about 24 percent under extreme drought, up from 21 percent the prior week.
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