With US President Barack Obama still in the early days of his presidency, India is keeping a wary eye on policy changes that could irritate what has become a key strategic relationship. Approaches to terrorism and the Kashmir dispute have been flagged as potential irritants by Indian officials in relations that saw a remarkable transformation during the Bush presidency.
The high point of ties between the world's largest and oldest democracies during the Bush years was the nuclear deal that ended a decades-old freeze on India buying technology and power plants from the global market.
"When it came to India, (former president George) Bush was exceptional. Whenever any matter on India reached him, Bush overruled his team to address Indian concerns," said former Indian ambassador to Washington Naresh Chandra.
"I don't think we can expect that kind of personal commitment (from Obama) though all his statements are in line with whatever objectives India holds dear. One has to see how the general is translated into specifics," he said.
New Delhi is keeping its fingers crossed ahead of an expected South Asia visit February by Richard Holbrooke, named special envoy to Pakistan and Afghanistan days after Obama's inauguration.
"Let's wait and see how things evolve," an Indian official said. New Delhi was caught off-guard by Obama's plans for Pakistan and Afghanistan, where the Taliban is waging a bloody insurgency. Pakistan's north-western tribal belt has become a stronghold for hundreds of extremists who fled Afghanistan after the US-led invasion toppled the hard-line Taliban regime in late 2001.
Pakistan has been accused by the United States and Afghanistan of not doing enough to stop militants crossing the border to attack US and Nato troops in Afghanistan. In an interview with Time magazine, Obama, as president-elect, was quoted as saying the "most important thing we're going to have to do with respect to Afghanistan is actually deal with Pakistan."
"We should try to resolve the Kashmir crisis so that Pakistan can stay focused... not on India but on the situation with those militants," he added.
Kashmir, ruled in part but claimed in full by nuclear-armed India and Pakistan, has been at the centre of tensions for decades. New Delhi vehemently opposes external mediation while Islamabad welcomes such a move. Boosting troop numbers in Afghanistan and naming Holbrooke special envoy are at the core of Washington's new approach.
"It is an open secret that Holbrooke's original brief included India," noted Siddarth Varadarajan, strategic affairs editor of the Hindu paper, in an article last week.
However, "silent but strenuous" diplomacy including strong signals that "any appointment which smacked of linkage with Kashmir would be seen as an unfriendly act" ensured Holbrooke's brief finally excluded India, he wrote.
C. Raja Mohan, professor at Singapore's Nanyang University, agreed that it was in "deference" to India that Kashmir was not part of Holbrooke's responsibilities but "reworking the India-Pakistan relationship will be an inevitable and important component of his initiative." He said it would be in New Delhi's interest to cooperate with Washington on "mutually acceptable" terms, noting that Indian efforts to normalise ties, including peace talks with Pakistan, strengthened its case. "It will be a pity if India does not grasp this historic opportunity because its leaders lack either the self-assurance or the strategic imagination to leverage Obama's South Asia initiative," Mohan said.
New Delhi-based analyst Uday Bhaskar agreed that engaging Washington was "more of an opportunity" than a challenge. "There is a convergence (between New Delhi and Washington) that terrorism in the region has to be dealt with. The divergence lies in the fact that according to India, the Pakistan military is the problem.
"Until recently, Washington used to see it as part of the solution. "It's only on the Obama watch that there appears to be the beginning of a radical review of the role played by the Pakistan military in abetting terror," he added, noting that Washington had linked aid to Pakistan with delivery on promises to crack down on militants operating on soil under its control.
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