Oil prices rose to their highest in two weeks on Tuesday, aided by a broad rush back into battered commodities at the start of the third quarter and forecasts for a tighter market in the months ahead. Crude prices pared gains late in the session after Moody's Investors Service cut Portugal's credit rating by four levels to Ba2, two notches into junk territory, reinforcing the precarious state of eurozone finances.
Commodities gained broadly in spite of a stronger dollar and weaker stock markets, extending their rebound from a nearly six-month low as investors bet the sell-off in the second quarter - when the Reuters-Jefferies CRB index dropped 6 percent, the biggest fall since late 2008 - was overdone.
The CRB rose about 1.5 percent on Tuesday.
"We may be seeing some running to commodities as a safe haven. When in doubt about all the currencies, move into commodities. And the sector was a little oversold coming out of the holiday," said Phil Flynn, analyst at PFGBest Research in Chicago, referring to US Independence Day on Monday.
Oil was also aided by an upgraded price forecast from Barclays Capital, upbeat US factory orders and an unexpectedly mild reduction in Saudi official selling prices that may make it difficult for the world's biggest exporter to boost shipments further. Brent futures for August rose $2.22 to settle at $113.61 a barrel, having moved above 20- and 40-day moving averages intraday.
US crude rose $1.95 to settle at $96.89 a barrel, pushing intraday above front-month crude's 20-day moving average and ending above the August contract's 200-day moving average of $95.99.
Light trading volumes after Monday's US holiday helped allow for the price swings. Brent and US volumes both hovered under half million lots traded and both ran below their 30-day averages. US volumes were 30 percent below. The oversubscribed sale of US crude reserves last week also had oil analysts and investors assessing whether it reflected tighter global oil supplies than recent assessments.
Weekly reports on US oil inventories were expected to show crude stocks fell, while gasoline stockpiles steadied and distillate stocks edged up last week, according to a Reuters survey of analysts on Monday. New orders received by US factories bounced back in May, although by less than expected, but the report added to data suggesting manufacturing is normalising after being dampened by supply chain disruptions from the March earthquake in Japan.
Investors shrugged off a ratings agency comment questioning whether debt held by China's local governments was higher than previously estimated and the ongoing concerns about Europe's economy and the struggle to solve Greece's debt problems. But oil pulled back from highs after Moody's slashed Portugal's credit rating into junk territory, saying there is great risk the country will need a second round of financing before it can return to capital markets. Barclays Capital raised its 2012 forecast for Brent by $10 to $115 per barrel, and upgraded its 2012 forecast for US crude by $4 to $110. The bank left its Brent forecast for 2011 at $112 but cut its US crude 2011 forecast by $6 to $100.
"The increase in expectations is due to a forecast further reduction in global spare capacity in 2012, together with a significant intensification of the geopolitical background to the oil market," Barclays Capital said in a note. Violence and unrest in Yemen and Iraq helped keep a supportive geopolitical premium as a factor lifting oil prices, traders and analysts said.
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