The remnants of Hurricane Isaac brought heavy rainfall and the threat of flash flooding to the Mississippi Valley on Friday as Gulf Coast residents cleaned up and major energy facilities geared back into operation. The first hurricane to hit the United States this year will be remembered for striking New Orleans on the anniversary of 2005's deadly Hurricane Katrina - and providing a first, successful test of the city's new $14.5 billion flood controls.
Now a tropical depression, Isaac is still likely to trigger tornadoes as it passes over the central US Midwest states, the National Hurricane Center said - among the final acts of a storm that often confounded forecasters and punched above its weight in terms of damage.
One bright spot: rain that is a godsend to Midwest farmers suffering from the worst drought in more than 50 years. Even if too late for many of this season's crops, the rain will replenish soil moisture in time for winter wheat planting, and will boost critically low river levels.
Isaac caused widespread flooding and property damage in the US Gulf Coast region, mostly because of its heavy and persistent rainfall. The system lingered near New Orleans for the better part of two days, sometimes moving as slowly as five miles an hour (8 km per hour). Through it all New Orleans sustained mostly cosmetic damage such as downed trees and street lights.
Life was beginning to returning to normal in New Orleans on Friday, although most of the city did not have power after what utility Entergy Corp described as the fourth-largest storm it had ever faced. Across Louisiana, Mississippi and Arkansas about 600,000 homes and businesses were still without electricity Friday morning as utility crews set to work restoring power.
National Guard troops had opened three sites around New Orleans to distribute water and ice to residents on a warm steamy day. New Orleans International Airport reopened early on Friday, and the Port of New Orleans also reopened. Downtown and in the French Quarter, businesses opened, either with generators or without electricity. Most stores had removed boards from windows, and some commuters headed to work.
In residential areas outside the city center, streets were littered with downed limbs and some trees were uprooted. Residents were out clearing debris. Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney, fresh from his party's convention in Tampa, Florida, was to visit Louisiana on Friday to view storm damage. President Barack Obama, who declared a disaster in Mississippi and Louisiana on Wednesday, is scheduled to visit the region on Monday.
The storm caused anywhere from $700 million to $2 billion in insured onshore losses, disaster modeler AIR World-wide said late Thursday. That would leave Isaac, which came onshore as a Category 1 hurricane, well outside the 10 most costly US hurricanes. New Orleans' Audubon Park recorded 18.7 inches (47.5 cm) of rain in a 24-hour period during Isaac. That exceeded records dating back to 1871, said Jeff Masters of Weather Underground. Many other locations in Louisiana and Mississippi logged more than 10 inches (25.4 cm) of rain.
Some of the worst flooding was in Plaquemines Parish, south-west of New Orleans, where at least one levee was topped, leaving many homes under about 12 feet (3.6 meters) of water. The state advised residents of flooded neighbourhoods to boil tap water before drinking it. Late on Thursday, local officials confirmed the death of a man and a woman in the parish town of Braithwaite. They apparently drowned in their kitchen as flood waters surged in.
Earlier, a man in Picayune, Mississippi, died after being hit in his truck by a falling tree and a man in Vermilon, Louisiana, died after falling from a tree. Slidell, north-east of New Orleans, took the brunt of a storm surge from Lake Pontchartrain, which left some neighbourhoods under about a foot (30 cm) of water - much of which had receded by Friday. As the flood waters rose, some residents, including Caruso, wondered whether the new federal levee system had shored up New Orleans at the expense of low-lying neighbouring parishes outside the system's protection - a debate that is likely to continue.
Isaac killed at least 23 people in Haiti and the Dominican Republic before taking aim at the United States. BP Plc, the largest oil producer in the Gulf of Mexico, said it was moving staff back to its oil and gas platforms and would restart production "in the coming days." Louisiana's coastal oil refineries also began to power back up. Most came through Isaac unscathed.
Storm watchers have turned to Tropical Storm Leslie, currently 845 miles (1,355 km) east of the Leeward Islands with wind speeds picking up to 65 miles per hour (100 kmph). Leslie could become a hurricane over the weekend, posing a potential threat to Bermuda next week.
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