Independent foreign investigators refuted Sunday the Mexican government's conclusion that 43 students abducted last year were incinerated in a landfill, tearing apart the official probe into a case that caused international outrage.
Urging the authorities to keep looking for the students snatched by corrupt police a year ago, experts from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights said there was no evidence that they were cremated in a bonfire.
After a six-month investigation, the panel released a nearly 500-page report that raises questions about the official account of a crime that sparked protests and the biggest crisis of President Enrique Pena Nieto's administration.
The document also calls for a probe into the actions of federal police and soldiers during the night of September 26-27, when municipal officers from the southern city of Iguala shot at buses that had been seized by the students.
The young men were mostly freshmen from a teaching college known for its leftist activism and practice of commandeering buses to move around Guerrero state.
The commission suggested that prosecutors open a new line of investigation into whether the students were attacked because they may have taken a bus criminals used to transport heroin.
The medical and legal experts from Spain and Latin America said they "regret not being able to offer the families, the government, Mexican society and the world a definitive conclusion about what happened to the 43 missing students."
The attorney general's office concluded late last year that Iguala police, with officers from neighbouring Cocula, abducted 43 young men and handed them over to the Guerreros Unidos drug gang.
Citing confessions from gang members, then attorney general Jesus Murillo Karam said the students were killed and stacked in a funeral pyre that burned for 14 hours in Cocula's landfill before their ashes were thrown in a nearby river.
The charred remains of only one student were identified in a bag found in the water.
But the commission hired a fire expert who concluded that it would have taken 60 hours, some 30 tonnes of woods, 13 tonnes of tires and 13 tonnes of diesel to cremate 43 bodies
Jose Torero, a Peruvian-born professor at the University of Queensland in Australia, wrote that such a blaze would have consumed vegetation and trash around it, but only evidence of small fires were found.
"There is no evidence indicating the presence of a fire of the size of a (funeral) pyre for the cremation of even one body," Torero wrote.
Human rights groups and parents of the victims have accused the authorities of rushing to declare the students dead.
The commission's investigators said testimony from five suspects about the alleged cremation was full of contradictions that "question the validity" of the government's conclusions.
The experts said the authorities should investigate claims of torture against suspects. More than 100 people have been detained, including local police, gang suspects and Iguala's mayor.
The report reconstructs a night of terror in Iguala, a city in the southern state of Guerrero known as being part of a drug trafficking route.
Three students and three bystanders were killed when police shot at several buses.
In revelations that raise questions about the actions of other security forces, the report says federal police and the army were monitoring the movements of the students before they even arrived in Iguala.
Federal police and soldiers were present at different times at two locations where municipal officers detained students, the report says.
While the report does not accuse the federal forces of taking part in the abductions, it says prosecutors should investigate whether they failed in their "obligation to protect citizens."
The attorney general's office never allowed the commission to interview soldiers.
Prosecutors have suggested that police confronted the students on the orders of Iguala's then mayor Jose Luis Abarca because he believed they would protest a speech by his politically ambitious wife.
But the commission said the students arrived in Iguala after the speech and suggested they may have been attacked because they could have taken a bus containing drugs.
A fifth bus that the students had commandeered was never included in the reports from federal prosecutors, who always spoke of four buses. Authorities did not explain the omission.
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