Protecting people from natural disasters in fragile states and war zones can be done - and should be attempted despite the practical difficulties, UN officials said. Conflict-torn countries, like Syria and Afghanistan, may lack functioning governments, but pockets can be identified where it is possible to work with communities to reduce the risks of floods, earthquakes and other hazards, said Robert Glasser, head of the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
"It is hard because you the Thomson Reuters Foundation on the sidelines of the World Urban Forum, the don't have institutions in place when a civil war is happening," Glasser told world's biggest conference on sustainable cities. "(But) there is still a lot you can do to improve resilience." Examples of approaches that would work at the local level include early warning systems that use mobile phones, harvesting water to combat droughts, and widening options for people to make a living, Glasser said.
Disaster risk reduction works best in a conflict zone when aid workers have an agreement with both warring sides, said Srinivasa Popuri, a senior officer for the Asia-Pacific region with UN-Habitat, the UN agency that works on urban development. Programmes to build stronger homes, implemented after natural disasters struck conflict zones, have successfully lowered risks, he added.
Weak coordination across government departments in states affected by violence, as well as their inability to execute policies and deliver services, undermine efforts to put in place measures to keep communities safe from natural threats, said Marc Forni, lead disaster risk management specialist at the World Bank. "(With resilience) you're trying to add complexity and sophistication to existing urban plans and policies - but if you do not have the existing plans and policies, it makes it very, very difficult," he said.
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