Standing beneath electronic panels that displayed stock prices in the country's biggest stock exchange, the protesters waved red banners and a Brazilian flag with the word "hungry" written on it
The average pace of growth in the second quarter, however, was slower than the prior three-month period, a consequence of the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The 0.8% monthly rate of inflation was also the highest for any May since 1996, statistics agency IBGE said, adding that all nine categories surveyed showed rising prices in the month.
The monthly rate rose from 0.3% in April, IBGE said, again more than the 0.7% rise economists in the Reuters poll had forecast.
Statistics agency IBGE said output declined 1.3% from the previous month, compared with the median estimate in a Reuters poll of economists for a 0.1% rise. March's figure was revised to a 2.2% fall from a 2.4% decline.
The services sector shrank by a seasonally adjusted 4.0% on the month, government statistics agency IBGE said, more than the median estimate in a Reuters poll of economists of a 3.2% fall.
It was the first decline in activity in 10 months, IBGE said, and meant the sector is 2.8% smaller than it was in February last year just before the pandemic struck.
The result was also over 10,000% higher than a year ago, when auto production came almost to a complete halt due to the pandemic. Auto sales in April fell by 7.5% to 175,100 units compared to a month ago, said Anfavea, as the association is known.
The 2.4% fall in industrial output in March was less than the median estimate in a Reuters poll of economists for a 3.5% decline, although February's figure was revised lower to a 1.0% fall.
Fifteen of the 26 sectors surveyed saw a decline in production on the month, including a 14.1% fall in clothing output, IBGE said.
The annual rate of factory gate inflation in Latin America's largest economy rose to 33.5% from 28.5%, the highest level since statistics agency IBGE's data series began in January 2014.
The accumulated rate of inflation in the first quarter of the year was also a record for the January-March period, rising to 14.1% from 8.9% in the three months to February, IBGE said
The services sector grew by a seasonally adjusted 3.7% on the month, government statistics agency IBGE said, more than double the median estimate of 1.5% expansion in a Reuters poll of economists.
It was the ninth month of expansion, IBGE said, and the third largest since the series began in 2011. Services sector output in February was down a non-seasonally adjusted 2.0% from a year earlier.
The annual rate of consumer inflation rose to 6.10% from 5.20% in February, statistics agency IBGE said, slightly below the 6.20% median forecast in a Reuters poll of economists but the highest since December 2016.
The central bank's year-end goal is 3.75%, with a 1.5 percentage point margin of error on either side. These figures show inflation is well above even the 5.25% upper limit of that range.
February's 0.7% fall in industrial output was significantly weaker than the median estimate in a Reuters poll of economists for a 0.4% rise. The following chart shows that several months of slowing growth have finally turned into outright decline.
Statistics agency IBGE said the year-on-year rise was 0.4%, also well below the Reuters poll forecast of 1.5% growth.
The Getulio Vargas Foundation's (FGV) services sector confidence index fell 5.6 points to 77.6 points in March, the third consecutive decline and the lowest since June's 71.7.
The index remains well above last April's record low 51.5, but on the other hand it is falling further below the pre-pandemic level of 94.4 in February last year.
The IBC-Br economic activity index, a leading indicator of gross domestic product, rose a seasonally adjusted 1.04% in December, significantly more than the 0.4% increase forecast in the Reuters poll. It was down 0.46% versus January last year.
January's 0.4% increase in industrial output was exactly in line with the median estimate in a Reuters poll of economists, while the year-on-year rise of 2.0% was slightly below the poll forecast of 2.2% growth.
"Industry kept up its positive performance, but decelerated in January," said IBGE survey manager Andre Macedo.
In a press release following figures that showed the economy shrank 4.1% last year, the ministry said supportive monetary policy, widespread vaccinations, fiscal consolidation and structural reforms will boost confidence as the year progresses.
Latin America's largest economy grew by 3.2% in the fourth quarter, according to official statistics agency IBGE, more than the 2.8% median estimate in a Reuters poll of economists.
The 3.2% expansion in the fourth quarter was led by 2.7% growth in services, 3.4% expansion in household consumption, and a 20% surge in fixed business investment, IBGE said.
The US dollar strengthened about 2% against the real, sending the Brazilian currency to a three-month low despite a central bank auction selling $1 billion in the spot market.
The benchmark Bovespa equities index fell as much 2.7% in morning trade, with all but one of its constituent companies in the red, before paring losses to 1.3% by midday.
Factory gate prices rose 3.36% in January from the month before, almost touching the 3.4% increase registered last October, the highest since the IBGE series began in 2014.
The annual rate of producer price inflation in January was 23%, IBGE said.
The average unemployment rate last year was 13.5%, IBGE said, up from 11.9% the year before and the highest since the series began eight years ago.
The IBGE figures showed 86.2 million Brazilians had work, up 4.5%, or 3.7 million people, from the July-September period, although still down 8.9%, or 8.4 million people, from the same period a year earlier.
The public sector surplus excluding interest payments of 58.4 billion reais was more than the 50 billion reais surplus forecast in a Reuters poll of economists, and the overall deficit in the 12 months through January was worth 9.4% of gross domestic product.
The current account deficit of 0.65% of gross domestic product in the 12 months to January was down from 0.87% the previous month and the smallest since February, 2008, central bank figures showed.
Brazil's current account deficit in the month of January was $7.25 billion, the second deficit in a row and slightly less than the $7.75 billion shortfall forecast in a Reuters poll of economists.
That was down from the 0.78% rate of monthly inflation in January, but higher than the median forecast in a Reuters poll of 0.46% and enough to push the annual rate of inflation up to 4.57%.
Prices rose in six of the nine groups of goods and services covered by IBGE. Transport costs rose 1.1% in the month, accounting for almost half of the overall monthly increase.
Banco Itau's economics team, led by chief economist Mario Mesquita, on Friday raised its 2021 inflation forecast to 3.8% from 3.6%, citing strong industrial price pressures.
We emphasize that the (upward) pressure of industrial costs is also being seen in other economies, given the robust demand recovery after coronavirus shock and surging commodity prices.